We discuss saturating ultrafilters on N, relating them to other types of nonprincipal ultrafilter. (a) There is an (ω,c)-saturating ultrafilter on $\mathbf{N} \operatorname{iff} 2^\lambda \leq \mathfrak{c}$ for every $\lambda and there is no cover of R by fewer than c nowhere dense sets. (b) Assume Martin's axiom. Then, for any cardinal κ, a nonprincipal ultrafilter on N is (ω,κ)-saturating iff it is almost κ-good. In particular, (i) p(κ)-point ultrafilters are (ω,κ)-saturating, and (ii) the set of (ω,κ)-saturating ultrafilters is invariant under (...) homeomorphisms of $\beta\mathbf{N\backslash N}$ . (c) It is relatively consistent with ZFC to suppose that there is a Ramsey p(c)-point ultrafilter which is not (ω,c)-saturating. (shrink)

Transsexuality has been subject to careful reflections in many disciplines outside philosophy. I first contextualize my philosophical approach by relating to the existing scholarship on transsexuality. Focusing on matters of sexual identity, I then propose a characterization of what might be considered the philosophical dimension of transsexual identity. Paying particular attention to the propositional consciousness of transsexuals, I develop the main thesis that transsexuality helps philosophers of sex to forcefully establish the contingency of sexual identity in terms of the underlying (...) biology of the sexed human body. I eventually argue that sexual identity is a cluster concept, which is constituted by sex, gender, sexual practice and desire. In this sense the following argument against “foundationalism” in philosophy of sex emerges: none of the four aspects of sexual identity can function as basic, prior to any normative commitments regarding the nature of human sexuality. (shrink)

The rise of Big Data changes the context in which organisations producing official statistics operate. Big Data provides opportunities, but in order to make optimal use of Big Data, a number of challenges have to be addressed. This stimulates increased collaboration between National Statistical Institutes, Big Data holders, businesses and universities. In time, this may lead to a shift in the role of statistical institutes in the provision of high-quality and impartial statistical information to society. In this paper, the changes (...) in context, the opportunities, the challenges and the way to collaborate are addressed. The collaboration between the various stakeholders will involve each partner building on and contributing different strengths. For national statistical offices, traditional strengths include, on the one hand, the ability to collect data and combine data sources with statistical products and, on the other hand, their focus on quality, transparency and sound methodology. In the Big Data era of competing and multiplying data sources, they continue to have a unique knowledge of official statistical production methods. And their impartiality and respect for privacy as enshrined in law uniquely position them as a trusted third party. Based on this, they may advise on the quality and validity of information of various sources. By thus positioning themselves, they will be able to play their role as key information providers in a changing society. (shrink)

In 1961 the Centre for the Study of the History of Education at Ghent University, Belgium published the first issue of the multilingual journal _Paedagogica Historica: International Journal of the History of Education_. This book celebrates its fiftieth volume. In fourteen contributions written by different generations of historians of education, it demonstrates that in an era where the history of education at university level is at risk, both the journal and the discipline are pulsing, and alive and kicking. Was the (...) journal a trendsetter or a follower, and which position did it take with respect to the International Standing Conference for the History of Education? These are questions addressed in the first section of this book. In the second section, a number of articles show national and transnational developments of the history of education. In their diversity, they make clear how the national and the transnational together characterize the discipline. They show why journals in this domain should stimulate the development of broader concepts and theories in order to put national and regional cases in a broader scientific context and to make them attractive for international readership. In the last section authors turn their minds to the future of the history of education. They write about the shaping of new trends and about moving beyond borders, focusing on, among other things, the challenge of neurosciences and of digital humanities. This book was originally published as a special issue of _Paedagogica Historica_. (shrink)

ONE of the books that has had a major impact on the field of ethics is Kurt Baier’s The Moral Point Of View. In it Mr Baier attempts many important things, the most important perhaps is to show how we can justify our moral judgments. In fact, the notion of ‘the moral point of view’ for him is simply a standard for justifying moral judgments: ‘I shall argue…that our moral convictions are true if they can be seen to be required (...) or acceptable from the moral point of view’ Much of the book is spent trying to specify the conditions for the moral point of view or, as he says, the defining principle of the moral point of view. (shrink)